Tool

Limitation period calculator — when an unpaid invoice becomes time-barred.

Under the Limitation Act, 1963, most claims for unpaid invoices must be filed within three years. A written acknowledgement or a part-payment made in time starts a fresh period. Enter the dates. Nothing is stored or sent.

Reviewed by Shraddha Rathod, Head of B2B Collections · B.Com, LL.B · Last reviewed · How we review

The limitation period ends on

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As of today

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How the period is worked out

  1. Three years. Claims for the price of goods, for work done and for money due on a date are generally three years under the Schedule to the Limitation Act: Article 14 (goods, no credit period: from delivery), Article 15 (goods on a fixed credit period: from its end), Article 18 (work, no payment date: from when the work was done) and Article 113 (otherwise: from when the right to sue accrues).
  2. A fresh period. A written acknowledgement of the debt, signed by the debtor before the period ends, starts a fresh three years from the date it was signed (Section 18). So does a part-payment made before the period ends, if acknowledged in the payer's handwriting or a writing signed by the payer (Section 19).
  3. The 2020–22 exclusion. The Supreme Court excluded 15 March 2020 to 28 February 2022 from limitation. Where a period would have ended in that window, there are 90 days from 1 March 2022, or the remaining balance if longer (In Re Cognizance for Extension of Limitation, order of 10 January 2022).
  4. The last day. The period ends on the same date three years on. If the court is closed that day, the claim may be filed on the next day it reopens (Section 4).

This is an estimate, not legal advice. It does not cover running accounts, cheques under Section 138 (which has its own short deadlines), arbitration or insolvency petitions, or whether a particular document counts as an acknowledgement. Check a specific claim with an advocate before relying on the date.

Questions people ask

What is the limitation period for recovering an unpaid invoice in India?

Generally three years under the Limitation Act, 1963. For goods sold without a credit period it runs from delivery; for goods sold on credit, from the end of the credit period; for work done without a payment date, from when the work was done.

Does a part-payment extend the limitation period?

Yes, if the debtor makes it before the period ends. A fresh three-year period runs from the date of payment, provided the payment is acknowledged in the payer's handwriting or in a writing signed by the payer (Section 19).

Does an acknowledgement of debt restart the limitation period?

Yes. A written acknowledgement of the debt, signed by the debtor before the period ends, starts a fresh three-year period from the date it was signed (Section 18).

How did COVID-19 affect limitation periods?

The Supreme Court excluded 15 March 2020 to 28 February 2022. Where a period would have ended in that window, parties had 90 days from 1 March 2022, or the remaining balance if that was longer.

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